The NITI Aayog, India’s federal policy think tank, has emphasized promoting competition among states to enhance farming activities and related businesses. This approach is seen as crucial for India’s agricultural sector to drive inclusive development, sustainable growth, and gainful employment. In a working paper titled “From Green Revolution to Amrit Kaal: Lessons and the Way Forward for Indian Agriculture,” the NITI Aayog outlines strategies to boost the agricultural sector and address critical challenges.
Addressing Climate Change and Resource Degradation
The NITI Aayog’s report highlights climate change and natural resource degradation as major global challenges, with farming practices playing a significant role. The authors emphasize the need to attract fresh investments and involve the private sector to address these issues effectively.
Shifting Paradigm for Agricultural Transformation
To achieve substantial increases in farmers’ income and transform agriculture, the report stresses the need for a paradigm shift. It calls for regulatory changes, sector liberalization, and a more enabling environment to foster a modern and vibrant agriculture sector during the next 25 years, referred to as the “Amrit Kaal.”
Role of the Private Sector and Market Liberalization
The report recommends an increased role for the private sector in pre and post-harvest phases, along with liberalized output markets and an active land lease market. It emphasizes the importance of efficiency and highlights the potential of private and corporate sector investments.
Coordinated Action and Strategies
To ensure the progress of agriculture, the report emphasizes the need for coordinated action and strategies between central and state governments. It highlights the importance of a well-coordinated approach to developing agriculture alongside other sectors.
Modernizing Agriculture for a Developed Economy
The report suggests various measures to modernize agriculture, including the promotion of knowledge-intensive practices, private and corporate investments, the establishment of new producer institutions, integrated food system-based mechanisms, and stronger linkages between producers and end-users. It calls for the liberalization of the agriculture sector, supported by a facilitative regulatory environment and responsible public and private investments.
Conclusion
The NITI Aayog’s working paper underscores the significance of enhancing ease in farming activities to transform Indian agriculture. By promoting competition among states, attracting private investments, and fostering a conducive regulatory environment, India can pave the way for a modern and sustainable agricultural sector. Coordinated efforts between central and state governments, along with a focus on knowledge-intensive practices and market liberalization, will be crucial for achieving the vision of a developed economy with a thriving agricultural sector.
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